Kyseenalaista liikkumavarat!

Emilia Palonen

Liikkumavara on politiikan reunakäsite, jolla pyritään määrittelemään mikä on mahdollista ja mikä ei. Se on politiikan tekemistä parhaimmillaan.

Uuden presidentin on mahdollista uudelleenmääritellä pelitilaa, rikkoa käytäntöjä ja normituksia vastaan. Obama on aloittanut esimerkiksi vähentämällä lobbarien valtaa. Euroopassa vastaava avaus muodostuu uuden parlamentin alottaessa syksyllä (tällä hetkellä lobbareilla on parlamentissa enemmän valtaa kuin kongressissa ennen uudistusta).

Ensi iltansa 23.1. saanut Annika Grofin dokumenttielokuva Liikkumavara paljastaa, kuinka demokratia toimii, miten liikkumavaraa määritetään tai miten sitä käytetään hyväksi argumentaatiossa, ja kuinka on väliä ketä äänestää.

Leffassa kerrotaan eduskunnan sosiaali- ja terveysvaliokunnan työstä keväällä 2008, kun potilasmaksuja nostettiin. Lakiesitys meni läpi hallituksen esityksen mukaan. Lautakunta sai vain neuvoa-antavaan lausuntoon ajatuksen maksujen indeksikorotuksen sitomisesta jatkossa sosiaali- ja terveyskulujen sijaan kansaneläkeindeksiin.

Dokkarin tähtiä ovat Marjaana Koskinen ja Pentti Tiusanen sekä Juha Rehula ja Sirpa Asko-Seljavaara. Sen musta hevonen on Anni Sinnemäki.

Hallituspuolueiden edustajien tehtävänä oli ajaa uudistus sellaisenaan. "Isot pojathan" ne sanelevat, kuten Sirpa Asko-Seljavaara toteaa. Vihreiden tarkoituksena oli ujuttaa lakiesityksiin viime hetkellä muru sosiaalista omatuntoa. Opposition tarkoitus oli tuoda kuultavaksi asiantuntijatahoja, jotka kyseenalaistaisivat lakiehdotuksen. Se ei ollutkaan vaikeaa. Vaikeaa oli todistaa kuinka asiantuntijat ja oppositio oli väärässä tai ainakin runnia ehdotus läpi.

Kiinnostavaa on se kuinka usein "selväjärkisyyttä" käytetään rajanvedon välineenä. Ne jotka eivät ole samaa mieltä ovat tyhmiä, tai ilkeitä, tai eivät kysy kysymyksiä.

Demarien puoluekoneiston täytyy olla takana, kun liuta lausuntoja on lakiesitystä vastaan Askola-Seljavaara päättelee. Kun käykin ilmi, että eräs kriitikoista onkin kokoomuslainen, DocPoint-festariyleisö purskahtaa nauruun. Kaikki kokoomuslaiset eivät ole pahiksia?

Mutta ajattelevatko Kokoomuksen tai Keskustan kannattajat ja äänestäjät samoin kuin puoluejyrät, jotka toteutaavat hallituksen "isojen poikien" tahtoa?

Filmin sankari on Marjaana Koskinen. Ponnaripäinen demari, joka laittaa itsensä peliin sairaiden ja vähävaraisten puolesta lautakunnassa, mutta jota hänen oma puolueensa ei nosta asiantuntijana tv-keskusteluun. Hierarkiat ja mediaseksikkyys ovat myös määrittelykysymyksiä. Taviksen oloinen mutta demareiden hallitusaikoina ärhäkästikin puoluettaan kritisoinut Koskinen ei kelpaa puolueen keulakuvaksi edes omalla politiikka-alallaan.

Nyt SDP tarvitsisi juuri näitä kasvoja tehdäkseen eroa Kokoomuksesta ja omaan lipposlaiseen hallitusmenneisyyteensä.

Arvoituksellinen Anni Sinnemäki kuiskii ajatuksiaan lautakunnan puheenjohtajan Keskustan Juha Rehulan korvaan. Se ettei Sinnemäen kommentteja kuule, ärsyttää. Se antaa kuvaa arvoituksellisista Vihreistä, jotka kantavat hallitusvastuuta ja tukevat hallitusta samalla kun pyrkivät ajamaan omaa agendaansa rivien väleihin, mutta joiden poliittisista näkemyksistä ei oikein saa kiinni. Sinnemäki ei puolusta oppositiota (ja tämän katsojan mielestä tervejärkisimpiä ehdotuksia), mutta pääsee hallituspuolueiden palaveriin. Strategiaa.

Lopulta kukaan dokkarin päähenkilöistä ei ole täysin tyytyväinen, kun laki menee läpi: onhan ehdotus epäoikeudenmukainen vähempiosaisia kohtaan, eikä säästetty summa ole suuri. Lautakunnan työ jää lausunnoksi.

Mutta hallituspuolueet saivat työvoiton. Politiikan pelissä ideologiat ovat kyllä läsnä, mutta kuvaavatko kannanotot kansanedustajien omia periaatteita ja oikeudenmukaisuuden käsitystä?

Jos arvot eivät mahdu liikkumavaraan eli niihin politiikkapäätöksiin jotka ovat "mahdollisia", ei niitä voi toteuttaa muuttamatta itse "liikkumavaraa". Se tarkoittaa hallituksen ohjelmien kyseenalaistamista – tai joskus itse asiassa niiden hyväntahtoisten väitteiden toteuttamista.

Emilia Palonen

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